However, the interpretation of the differential epidural test sometimes is very confusing. Somatosensory pain (abdominal wall pain) can sometimes be confused with the visceral pain origin, and a differential epidural block is often performed to help differentiate between the two types of pain. Abdominal pain is one of the most frequent complaints heard by a primary care physician, accounting for nearly 2.5 million office visits per year in up to 50% of patients, no identifiable cause can be found. A single injection as well as continuous infusions can be used for the treatment of chronic pain syndromes following lower abdominal open and laparoscopic surgeries. The introduction of ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia allows the successful installation of local anesthetics around the anterior branches of the thoracolumbar ventral rami, thereby blocking somatic sensations from the anterior abdominal wall. With ultrasound imaging, the muscle layers are visible from the rectus medially through the aponeurotic area at the edge of the rectus to the three distinct layers of external, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis in the lateral abdominal wall. It was investigated for different applications for perioperative pain management following abdominal surgeries. TAP block is a new technique for peripheral nerve block of the thoracolumbar nerves supplying the anterior abdominal wall. This block can be used as a diagnostic tool or as a therapeutic modality via a continuous indwelling catheter for postoperative lower abdominal pain or chronic pain syndromes arising from the anterior abdominal wall. Installation of local anesthetics in this plane anesthetizes the anterior abdominal wall on this side. The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is used to produce a dermatomal sensory block of the lower thoracic and upper lumbar afferents. Table of Contents Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block
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